Linear Models for the Prediction of Radial Length from its Dimensions on Bones and Radiographs in Adult Nigerians

Estimation of the stature from long bones and sex differences has valuable impact in various medico-legal investigations. Differences in stature and bone dimensions exist between populations as a result of genetic differences, isolation, differences in bio-cultural history, geographical climate and nutrition. This study investigated the relationship between landmark dimensions of the radius and its length using bones and radiograph samples in adult Nigerian population and determines the most reliable dimension for predicting the length of radius. The anatomically defined anthropometric measurements taken on the bone were maximum length of radius, sagittal diameter at mid-shaft, transverse diameter at mid-shaft, vertical radial head height, maximum head diameter, minimum head diameter, circumference of the radial head, circumference at the tuberosity, distal breadth. On the radiographs, the maximum length of radius, transverse diameter at mid-shaft, vertical radial head height, diameter at the tuberosity and distal breadth were taken. All the dimensions showed statistical significant positive correlation with the length of radius except the distal breadth. Males showed higher mean length compared to females. The most reliable dimension for predicting radial length was the vertical radial head height and the transverse diameter at mid-shaft. Regression equations were developed for estimating radial length from the highly correlated parameters.

Key Words: Radius, Length, X-ray radiographs, Dimensions, Regression equations