Melatonin and Phoenix dactylifera modulates Bisphenol A induced antioxidant and androgen toxicity in Male Wistar Rats

Bisphenol A (BFA), which is one of the most widely used industrial chemicals in the production of plastic has been implicated with male infertility and achieved this through increased in reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. Melatonin and phoenix dactylifera (date palm) have been shown to have many beneficial medicinal properties, including antioxidant effects. The aim of the study to was evaluate the effects of melatonin and Phoenix dactylifera on antioxidant enzyme and hormones (androgens) associated with bisphenol-A induced testicular toxicity in male Wistar rats. Twenty-five (25) adults’ male Wistar rats with a weight range of 120–150 g were randomly divided into five groups of five rats each. Group 1 received distilled water, orally, Group 2 received BFA only; 4 mg/kg orally, Group 3 received BFA; 4 mg/kg plus melatonin; 10mg/kg, orally, Group 4 received BFA; 4mg/kg plus Phoenix dactilyfera; 500mg/kg, orally and Group 5 received BFA; 4mg/kg plus melatonin; 10mg/kg and Phoenix dactilyfera; 500mg/kg, orally. The administration was done for 14 days. The animals were humanely sacrificed using chloroform 24 hours after last administration. Blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture for hormonal assay and biochemical analysis. The data were presented as mean ± SEM and analyzed by ANOVA using the SPSS package version 25 software. Differences were considered significant at p<0.05. Bisphenol A administration caused a significant increase in the testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormones and increased MDA levels with a corresponding decrease in SOD and MDA levels. However, administration of melatonin and phoenix dactylifera showed significant attenuation of adrogenous hormones and intracellular antioxidant enzymes. Melatonin and Phoenix dactylifera showed powerful modulating effects against environmental pollutant Bisphenol A induced infertility in Male Wistar rats.

Key Words: Bisphenol A (BFA), melatonin, Phoenix dactylifera (date palm), Wistar rats, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), testosterone, Follicle stimulating hormone., spermatocytes and toxicity